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Browse key cases using the filter for either ‘Contravention type’ OR ‘Issue’. Alternatively, use the ‘Search…’ box to find cases through a custom query.

Cases on the site currently cover parking, bus lane, moving traffic and road user charging, including the London Congestion Charge and Clean Air Zones (outside London). More cases and contravention types will be added in due course.

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Please note: All adjudicator decisions included on this website are in the public domain. While they have been curated together here for the convenience and interest of users, any information contained within the decisions remains the responsibility of the original adjudicating body. Any questions relating to the content of cases should also be directed to the adjudicating body.

Mr B – v – Calderdale Borough Council
CX00053-2511

Traffic Penalty Tribunal

Decision Date: 2025-12-11

Outcome: Dismissed

This case confirms that a civil enforcement officer is entitled to observe a vehicle within the ten-minute period of grace provided to motorists who have paid to park. The penalty can, however, only be imposed after the grace period has expired.

Additionally, the case clarifies that paying for a virtual parking session through an app is equivalent to displaying a pay-and-display ticket. A penalty charge notice issued for failing to pay and display, therefore, adequately describes the contravention.

Other points addressed in this case include:

  • the possibility that more than one contravention code can apply (in this instance, parking after the expiry of paid for time could also apply)
  • the principle that other previously determined appeals may be persuasive, but are not binding on an adjudicator
  • a caution that case names and appeal numbers sourced on the web should not be relied upon to support an appeal, without providing the full written decision to the Tribunal.

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Fife Council – v – Mrs M
2024UT04 Ref: UTS/AP/23/0032

Upper Tribunal for Scotland

Decision Date: 2023-05-29

Outcome: Judicial Review

This case underscores that the responsibility rests with the motorist to purchase parking time for the correct vehicle  A contravention occurs when parking time purchased does not correctly identify the vehicle parked.  This applies even when the incorrect registration mark was entered in error. That a payment was still made is not relevant. The payment must be made for the correct vehicle, identified by the vehicle registration mark provided by the motorist.

The Scottish Upper Tribunal decision is binding on the Scottish First Tier Tribunal for Scotland (General Regulatory Chamber) and is a persuasive decision in other UK jurisdictions.

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