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Browse key cases using the filter for either ‘Contravention type’ OR ‘Issue’. Alternatively, use the ‘Search…’ box to find cases through a custom query.

Cases on the site currently cover parking, bus lane, moving traffic and road user charging, including the London Congestion Charge and Clean Air Zones (outside London). More cases and contravention types will be added in due course.

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Please note: All adjudicator decisions included on this website are in the public domain. While they have been curated together here for the convenience and interest of users, any information contained within the decisions remains the responsibility of the original adjudicating body. Any questions relating to the content of cases should also be directed to the adjudicating body.

Mr J – v – Buckinghamshire Council
(PJ00006-2512)

Traffic Penalty Tribunal

Decision Date: 2026-01-02

• Littering from Vehicles
• Accidental
• Approved device / camera
• Balance of probabilities
• Evidence
• Intention
• Liability
• Ownership
• Registered Keeper

This case clarifies that the council authority does not need to demonstrate a motorist intended to commit a littering contravention, or that an item was deliberately thrown/dropped or deposited; nor does it need to identify the littered item left behind.

Read adjudicator's decision in full