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Browse key cases using the filter for either ‘Contravention type’ OR ‘Issue’. Alternatively, use the ‘Search…’ box to find cases through a custom query.

Cases on the site currently cover parking, bus lane, moving traffic and road user charging, including the London Congestion Charge and Clean Air Zones (outside London). More cases and contravention types will be added in due course.

• All Contravention Types Bus Lanes Clean Air Zone Congestion Charge Moving Traffic Parking
• All Issues 50% Discount Accuracy Adjudicator discretion Alterations / modifications Approved device / camera Bill of Rights Blue Badge Box Junction Bus Gate Bus Stop Camera Enforcement Classification of vehicle Conditions of use Consent to use vehicle Consolidated appeal Content of PCN / documents Controlled Parking Zone Council discretion De minimis Delivering goods Double Yellow Lines Dropped footway Emergency Enforcement powers Errors Footway / pavement / verge Garage / repairs Goods vehicle Grace Period Hire Vehicle Impartiality Incomplete paperwork Judicial independence Keep Clear Legal basis Legislation Liability Loading / Unloading Loading Bay Mitigating circumstances Multiple PCNs Observation Period Ownership Panel decision Pay & Display Pay before appeal Payment PCN not received Permitted vehicles Phone / Mobile Apps PHV / Taxi Private land Procedure Proportionality Public holidays Reasonable time Red Route Regulations Remain in vehicle Repeater signs Representations Review appeal Right to park Sat Nav School Service of PCN Signs / Lines Special enforcement area Standard / burden of proof Stopping / Waiting Strict Liability Substantial compliance Third Party Time limits Traffic Signs Manual Wheelchair Zigzags
• All Decision Outcomes Allowed Consent Order Dismissed Judicial Review

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Please note: All adjudicator decisions included on this website are in the public domain. While they have been curated together here for the convenience and interest of users, any information contained within the decisions remains the responsibility of the original adjudicating body. Any questions relating to the content of cases should also be directed to the adjudicating body.

Mr K – v – Portsmouth City Council
(PO00021-2305)

Traffic Penalty Tribunal

Decision Date: 2023-06-23

Outcome: Dismissed

• Parking
• Liability
• Ownership
• Third Party

This case clarifies that under the statutory civil enforcement scheme, the owner of the vehicle remains liable for penalty charge, even if the vehicle was in the care of a third party.

The adjudicator’s decision in this case was confirmed in the High Court in:
R v the Parking Adjudicator ex parte The Mayor and Burgesses of the London Borough of Wandsworth QBCOF 96/1153/D (opens in new tab).

This decision is therefore binding on adjudicators, meaning they must apply the principle to the facts of any relevant case.

Read adjudicator's decision in full

R v The Parking Adjudicator ex parte London Borough of Wandsworth
[1996] EWCA Civ 869

High Court

Decision Date: 1996-11-01

Outcome: Judicial Review

• Parking
• Garage / repairs
• Liability
• Ownership
• Strict Liability
• Third Party

This case makes clear that it is the owner of a vehicle (as registered with the DVLA) who is responsible for any penalty charge notices (PCNs), even if they have no knowledge of the contraventions or had no access to the vehicle at the time. In this case, the vehicle was entrusted to a third party for repairs.

Read judge's decision in full